Big Cypress National Preserve

In the bigger, more famous neighboring park in southern Florida, the paid guide assured me that the American alligator “is a solitary creature, you never see more than one or two together”. In Big Cypress, I counted 16 alligators in one puddle and 17 in the next. Unlike most other wildlife I try to photograph, the alligators don’t run away; they look you right in the eyes and even slowly move towards you. Some are easy to spot, but while I was counting, three more were sneaking up on me.

Most of the million acres in Big Cypress and its smaller partners are actually prairie habitat for the endangered Florida panther, but there was a devastating fire recently, in our rapidly heating world. I drove the loop road instead, looking for gators in the gullies, but I often found myself looking up at the various trees to look at the air flowers hanging on to trunks and branches. In the hardwood hammocks, you might see some tree snails. And I saw a lot of birds, especially wood storks and other large wading birds.

Coming from the Naples side, I stayed in Everglades City, which is tucked in between the Ten Thousand Islands, the Everglades western estuaries and mangrove islands, and Big Cypress. Before the highway was extended to Key West, many visitors took boats to Key West from Everglades City. They’re rebuilding the hurricane damaged visitor center there in the name of Marjorie Stoneman Douglas, who wrote the book, River of Grass, that led to the protection of 2.5 million acres of lower Florida. Fortunately, large commercial efforts to farm, graze and otherwise exploit the land had all failed, so the environmental coalition won. Carbon pollution raises sea levels, so the future is uncertain. But for now, this is a good place for adventure travel out into the mangroves.

President Biden’s Parks

President Biden added 10 national park units. Seven are historic civil rights sites: Amache NHS, Blackwell School NHS, Carlisle Federal Indian Boarding School NM, Emmett Till and Mamie Till-Mobley NM, Frances Perkins NM, New Philadelphia NHS, and Springfield 1908 Race Riot NM. And three are national scenic trails: Ice Age, New England and North Country NSTs.

President Biden’s parks legacy is now complete, and overall he’s accomplished more than the first term of his predecessor, who approved five small park units, cut Bears Ears & Grand Escalante by over a million acres, and removed 19 US Biospheres from UNESCO. Biden doubled the scenic trails units from three to six, and his parks help protect the history of American Concentration Camps, desegregation in education, the Underground Railroad, and Black History.

Biden has also made many other changes that don’t affect the official total of park units.

  • Elevated to national historical parks
  • Created new national monuments
  • Expanded existing national monuments in California
    • San Gabriel Mountains near Los Angeles
    • Berryessa Snow Mountain in Lake County
  • Restored protections
    • Bears Ears in Utah
    • Boundary Waters in Minnesota
    • Grand Staircase Escalante in Utah and Arizona
    • NE Canyons & Seamounts (south of Cape Cod)
    • Tongass National Forest in Alaska
  • Limited exploitation and protected wildlife
    • Aransas and Big Boggy in Texas
    • Bristol Bay in Alaska
    • Chaco Canyon in New Mexico
    • Chumash Marine in California
    • Everglades in Florida
    • Lost Trail in Montana
    • Muleshoe in New Mexico and Texas
    • Paint Rock River in Tennessee
    • Roanoke River in North Carolina
    • Thompson Divide in Colorado
    • Wyoming Toad

New England National Scenic Trail

Mt Tom in Holyoke Massachusetts is a high point of the trail along the Connecticut River (although there are mountains over ten times higher in Colorado). The trail runs along a high ridge with several lookout towers to watch hawks or catch a glimpse of the river over the trees. The Eyrie House Ruins above are of a view hotel that burned down 123 years ago. As usual, I had forgotten about my childhood visit here, until I reached the ruins and climbed a rusty old tower to see the view below.

The trail is 235 miles from Long Island Sound to the New Hampshire border, through native lands, over rugged mountains, through annually brilliant foliage, past reservoirs, waterfalls and quaint New England villages. Last year, President Biden elevated the trail to a full national park unit, along with North Country and Ice Age National Scenic Trails. Hopefully, this step will encourage more people to hike and explore this lovely area of our country.

Ice Age National Scenic Trail

The trail is not straight. It meanders through Michigan’s wooded hills, green valleys and along its rivers and lakes. The trail begins along the Niagara Escarpment that separates Green Bay from Lake Michigan, then south below Madison, before crossing the Wisconsin River at Lake Wisconsin. Then it passes up across the bluff on the right with its characteristic rough rock glacial remnants on the steep slope to the north beach of Devil’s Lake above before continuing north to the Wisconsin Dells with iconic eroded rocks. Eventually it crosses the state to end at the St Croix River.

President Biden elevated the trail to a full national park unit, but many of the most scenic sections are in state parks or affiliated scientific reserves. Wisconsin Dells itself is quite commercialized, with water parks and pricey tours, even though the layered rock can be seen in several different places along the Wisconsin River. State parks like above or Mirror Lake have fine scenery, camping and miles of maintained trails. I tend to rush around and then spend too much time at supper clubs, but it’s worth slowing down a bit here to enjoy the natural beauty. For more, read my earlier post about the Ice Age Trails.

North Country National Scenic Trail

The trail runs from the Appalachian Trail in the Green Mountains of Vermont, through the Adirondacks in New York, past the old portage trail at Fort Stanwix (above), through the Allegheny Forest in Pennsylvania, south into Ohio near Fort Miamis, north through Michigan, west in the upper peninsula past Pictured Rocks, down to the upper St Croix River in Wisconsin, through Minnesota from near Grand Portage to Knife River in North Dakota.

President Biden elevated the trail to an official park unit last November, and the trail is not yet continuous. But having explored various sections at different times in all 8 states across 4 regions, it is undeniably scenic, especially along Lake Superior, in the Adirondacks and other lesser known areas. There are many quirky old rural towns along the way, atmospheric local restaurants and adventures to be found, along with thousands of miles of hiking, of course.

John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway

The parkway runs along the Snake River (above) connecting Grand Teton and Yellowstone, but the park includes a 24,000 acre land & river corridor for wildlife, without which we couldn’t enjoy seeing as many migratory animals in the two famous parks. The Rockefellers were instrumental in a number of national parks, including Acadia, Smoky and Marsh-Billings. Despite opposition from local ranchers, they purchased huge tracts of ranch lands and donated them to us. Laurance Rockefeller later donated his family’s 1,000 acre ranch to become part of Grand Teton, and his Preserve Center there near Phelps Lake is the best place to get in tune with their legacy. Considering the damage being done every day by burning the oil that created their fortune, it’s really the least they could have done.

”How we treat our land, how we build upon it,
how we act toward our air and water,
will in the long run tell what kind of people we really are.”

Laurance Rockefeller

Camp Hale – Continental Divide National Monument

The first troops to join the war from Colorado’s Camp Hale were the Viking Battalion, comprised of Norwegian exiles and Norwegian Americans, who joined the war in Europe in 1943, most fighting in uniform, but some as spies for Wild Bill Donovan’s OSS, the pre-cursor of the CIA. By 1944, the Allies had liberated Paris & Rome, but the Germans stubbornly held the mountains north of Rome and Florence, despite numerous assaults. That winter, the 10th Mountain Division, specially selected for mountaineering, having completed months of rigorous high altitude training, including mountain climbing and skiing among the 12,000 foot peaks behind Camp Hale above, arrived in Italy to take over the assault. Despite heavy casualties, they pushed the Germans out of the mountains, across the next valley, and up into the Alps, before the Germans surrendered. One of the young 10th Mountain soldiers left for dead after terrible injuries in Italy was Bob Dole, who survived and served as US Senator for Kansas from ‘69 to ‘96.

President Biden recently made this area and some of the mountains beyond a national monument, managed by the forest service. At this point, there’s not a lot to see and the roads are in poor condition, but it’s easy to feel the altitude when walking around, even without 90 pounds of military gear. There are still alpine huts between the trails up on Machine Gun Ridge above, and after the war, many 10th Mountain Veterans helped start a boom in recreational skiing nearby in Vail and Aspen Colorado. Today, the 10th Mountain operates out of New York and is frequently deployed on dangerous missions abroad.

Baaj Nwaavjo I’tah Kukveni Grand Canyon National Monument

Below Glen Canyon‘s Horseshoe Bend, there’s a low point at Lee’s Ferry where rafters put in to run the rapids down into the Grand Canyon. First they go under Navajo Bridge and through Marble Canyon. The Colorado River and cliffs here are still part of Glen Canyon, but there’s a large, ecologically important shelf or rim under the Vermilion Cliffs (distant above right) that was weakly protected. A few clever folks figured you could camp out right on the rim above and watch the rafts and stars go by.

I found this place above on the map, but it’s not well known. It’s called Rapids or Beaver Creek Overlook, and there’s a 2 mile dirt road from 89A not far from Cliff Dwellers & their destination charger and tasty restaurant. I asked a local Navajo woman about the road, and she described it as ‘nice and flat’. Which is true, because the views are lovely and the wide rim is basically flat. But it would have been easier in a high clearance vehicle. I guess she has a different standard for ‘nice and flat’. Still, my car is visible on the rim above to the right, so I can’t complain. If you go, please stay on the road or in one of the very primitive camping areas as the small cacti and desert soils are fragile.

Navajo and other tribes petitioned for better federal protection of such lands all around the Grand Canyon to prevent uranium mining and other damage. President Biden agreed. The park name means ‘where tribes roam’ and ‘our ancestral footprints’ in Havasupai & Hopi respectively. Even larger areas are now better protected in the west and south, including a large chunk of the Kaibab National Forest below the south rim. The new park is managed by the US Forest Service, so like Avi Kwa Ame it won’t count as one of the 425 official NPS units. Still, it’s new, important and on my way.

Avi Kwa Ame National Monument

Back in March, President Biden declared Avi Kwa Ame—Spirit Mountain—a new park, so I took another look on my way back to the Rocky Mountain region. (The park is managed by the Bureau of Land Management, so technically it’s not one of the 425 official park units). The park is in the Cal-Nev-Ari bottom corner of Nevada, filling the gap between the southern end of Lake Mead NRA and the Mojave Preserve. Last year I rode my bike through the western part of it on my way to Castle Mountains, past Joshua Trees and Clara Bow’s ranch.

On Sunday, I hiked up the Spirit Mountain Overlook trail to take the photo (above) of the sacred mountain from a respectful distance. The mountain is actually just over the Lake Mead NRA border, but both the foreground and background to the left are in the new park, until Mojave in the distance. I relied on HikingGuy.com for directions, which were helpful, plus the NPS App: save the Lake Mead park info for offline use, then open the map to see your GPS position. There are natural springs up here, so there were birds along the trail. Connecting the parks helps protect the threatened desert tortoise. I saw one crossing Christmas Tree Pass Road when I drove up and again on my way back down (not sure if it was the same one;).

Ebey’s Landing National Historical Reserve

In the 1970s locals wanted to prevent a housing development in this historic area, one of the first settlements in Washington, still mostly unchanged from the 19th century. The result was our first ‘historical reserve’ where all landowners sold their development rights in perpetuity to the government (or a private natural conservancy). It makes for an interesting park, where the town is protected from development, but otherwise operates normally. There’s a good museum in Coupeville, and there are three state parks to visit, Fort Casey with a lighthouse, Fort Ebey with nature trails and a kayak launch, and Ebey’s Landing with a section of beach along the Strait of Juan de Fuca.

Jacob Ebey’s blockhouse above is a good place to start a 4 mile hike along the bluffs returning on the beach. Jacob’s son Isaac settled here first, inviting his parents to join him from Independence Missouri, but Isaac was killed by natives in a reprisal for US attacks on native villages. Jacob’s home is open on weekends during the summer, and the staff will tell you the gory details if you ask. The bluffs are not for the feint of heart, but the views of the strait and the mountains are stupendous: Olympic, Rainier and Baker.